Video Surveillance Glossary of Terms [B]

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• » Back Focus [top]
  Cameras are focused by moving the image sensor in relationship with the lens, which enables differing back focal lengths for the lens.  This adjustment is called Back Focus and is important when fitting a zoom. 
  
• » Backlash [top]
  Backlash (measured in degrees) is when a camera’s Pan Tilt head cannot stop instantaneously, and is usually caused by excessive looseness in gears, pulleys, or other parts.  Pre set PTZ surveillance cameras are rendered ineffectual by Backlash. 
  
• » Balun [top]
  This stands for Balanced – Unbalanced. Physically, a Balun is a small transformer used to convert audio, video, or VGA signals from balanced to unbalanced, and vice versa.  Its practical use is in creating required impedance adjustments for signal transmission between differing wiring systems (like UTP to coaxial cable).
  
• » Bandwidth [top]
  Measured in bps, Bandwidth refers to a telecommunications link’s transmission capacity.  The bandwidth available in a connection plays a large role in the speed of an Internet connection.
  
• » Biometrics [top]
  Biometrics is the technology and science of authenticating individuals by measuring their physiological or behavioral features.  In the field of security, they are technologies (‘readers’) used to analyze fingerprints, voice patterns, irises or retinas, etc.
  
• » BLC (Back Light Compensation) [top]
  Cameras with this feature will automatically bring more detail to darker areas of an image when bright lights (usually shining from behind) obscure it.
  
• » Blooming [top]
  This refers to the defocusing and glow present around the bright areas of a picture when the brightness is increased.  Some video cameras feature blooming suppression abilities to avoid this.
  
• » BNC connector [top]
  These are a type of RF connectors that interconnect two coaxial cables or connect a cable with CCTV components.  They’re used in Ethernet networks, video connections, network cards, and cable interconnections.
  
• » bps (Bits Per Second) [top]
  This unit is used to measure the speed data is moved between sources.  For example, a 56kbps modem can move 56,000 bits per second.
  
• » Bridging [top]
  When a high impedance video line is paralleled to a video source, this is known as bridging.
  
• » Broadband [top]
  This term defines a high bandwidth signal that is capable of carrying many channels of information simultaneously.  Coaxial and fiber-optic cables are popular types of physical transmission paths for broadband signals.
  
• » Bullet Camera [top]
  Named in reference to its shape, a bullet camera is a type of security camera similar to a spot cam.  Its limitation is a fixed focal lens (not zoom), but its small, narrow size makes it suitable for areas other cameras might not fit.
  
• » Burn [top]
  Burn is the permanent freezing of an image onto a sensitive area of a camera or monitor, and can be avoided by shutting off the device when not in use, or closing an image or application when finished.
  
• » Bus Network [top]
  This is a network type where a transmission medium served as a bus between all attached terminals, and it’s the easiest and cheapest way to connect multiple clients.  Computer motherboards and Ethernet networks both employ bus architecture. 
  
• » Byte [top]
  A unit of eight bits is known as a Byte.

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